Research · Herbert E. Krugman, Journal of Advertising Research 12(6), 1972
Why Three Exposures May Be Enough
foundational advertising research
Supports a frequency reading judged against a band rather than a direction: exposure below the band does not register and exposure above it buys nothing.
Read Why Three Exposures May Be Enough · retrieved 2026-09-26
What it informs — 1
This source is what the model was built from. It does not itself commit the model to anything — a commitment does, and the ones it informs are named above.